Shakuhachi musical notation is a traditional tablature-style method of transcribing shakuhachi music. Since tone colour is fundamentally important to shakuhachi music, and since one of the shakuhachi’s most distinctive atributes is its flexibility and breadth of tone colour, this is an essential characteristic of the notation. Finally, the symbols ↙, ↘, ↗ and ↖ will denote the diagonals. JSTOR®, the JSTOR logo, JPASS®, Artstor®, Reveal Digital™ and ITHAKA® are registered trademarks of ITHAKA. More modern developments include systems adapted to shakuhachi notation based on representations of rhythm found in staff notation, such as Tozan Ryu and Chikuho Ryu. I have Ikkan-ryu notation from 1826 to confirm this. THE HONKYOKU OF THE KINKO-RYU: SOME PRINCIPLES OF ITS ORGANIZATION Eliott Weisgarber Among the exotic contents found in the Shoso-in, the repository in Nara which houses the personal possessions of the Emperor Sh6mu whose reign lasted from 724 to 749 A.D., there are several shakuhachi which had been used in the court orchestra performing at the dedication ceremonies of … There are in fact several different shakuhachi notation systems, depending on the region or school (see more below), and rhythm is expressed in different ways depending on the system. Myoan Shinpo-ryu About half of the 63 pieces in the Shinpo-ryu reperoire. Scores in Kinko-ryu & Western 5-Line Staff Notation Each score accompanied by a CD: FLARE UP For solo Shakuhachi. This was first published in the scores of the Grandmaster Araki Kodo III and is now used is all Kinko Ryu scores. JSTOR is part of ITHAKA, a not-for-profit organization helping the academic community use digital technologies to preserve the scholarly record and to advance research and teaching in sustainable ways. Keen to preserve this tradition, Otsubo has requested Justin to continue teaching the Myoan honkyoku in its native notation out of respect to those masters from whom we received it, and so as to preserve its delicate, unique nuance and atmosphere. The next most popular school is Kinko Ryu, followed by Taizan Ryu and its derivatives. shakuhachi keys, tuning, temperament and scales. This school was created in Osaka after the abolition of the Fuke sect, and since it has none of the religious honkyoku music in its repertoire, is not covered by this website. Some shakuhachi music, such as solo honkyoku("original pieces"), is not strictly metered, but offers only suggestions for timing, breathing, and silence between phrases. Musiknotationssymbole für Macintosh und Windows von der umfassenden www.shakuhachi.com site. hanzaburo, araki kodo vi. A set of notation written by Taizan himself and his student Ikeda. -Long-awaited Kinko sheet music by Goro Yamaguchi (Originally written by Kindo Miura)honkyoku pieces. It's a standard 1.8 length Jinashi natural bore flute with period tuning made for solo Honkyoku music. ©2000-2021 ITHAKA. The notesare notated as hu, ho, u, we, ya, ri, i, ta, ruand chi. Asian Music, the journal of the Society for Asian Music, is the leading journal devoted to ethnomusicology in Asian music, publishing all aspects of the performing arts of Asia and their cultural context. It also has a special obligation to the people of Texas to publish authoritative books on the In some notation systems, nominal rhythmic values are given; musical importance ascribed to rhythmic markings varies depending on the lineage and/or teacher. Kinko Ryū. This does not mean they have no rhythm, that they have no beat. The symbols →, ↓, ← will be employed assuming your character is facing right, which is the initial position for the first player when a round starts. Kinko Shakuhachi for Beginners with Bruce Huebner (Vol-1 DVD / 41 minutes) Written Music Notation Included. Jin Nyodo Honkyoku Collection Kumoijishi (Iccho-ken, Hakata & Kaede) - Yodo Kurahashi II Notation Daiwagaku - Yodo Kurahashi II Notation Banshiki (Itchoken) - Yodo Kurahashi II Notation Choshi (Fudaiji) - Yodo Kurahashi II Notation Kyorei (Fudaiji) - Yodo Kurahashi II Notation… The precision of these systems was particularly important for the more complex rhythms found in these schools, which primarily focused on the new music being created in Japan from Western and Japanese elements. Kinko Ryu developed precise notation at the beginning of the 20th century with dots on the left and right representing the rhythm of the shamisen and koto music which they were accompanying. Yokoyama Katsuya, a shakuhachi master : Passing to the Next Generation. Die Richtung wird in verschiedene Unter-richtungen unterteilt, die nach der Herkunft der Stücke benannt werden (z.B.Kimpu-ryû, Futai-ken, Myoan-Taizan). Based on the material used for his beginners students, it comes with handwritten scores (kinko+staff notation) and a CD with all the recorded pieces. This is especially useful for ensemble music and modern compositions. Petr Matuszek July 13, 2020 at 7:47 am. Shakuhachi : Shakuhachi no Shinzui Kinko-Notation 2 volumes (RE-ISSUE!) In the beginning of the Edo Period, itinerant Buddhist priests (Komuso) of the Fuke sect who were previously employed as Samurai began to use a 1.8 feet long Shakuhachi for their mendicancy. Springer. I am honoured to present you the first kinko chikumeisha beginners manual that I publish for my teacher Gunnar Jinmei Linder. Spectral music; Sound mass; Timbre recognition; References See also. Hi Fu Mi Hachigaeshi no Shirabe (Kinko Ryu) 一二三鉢返の調; Ho Rai 蓬莱; Kokû (Fudaiji) 虚空; Murasaki Reiho 紫鈴慕 (Shrinpo) Sagari Ha (Nezasa Ha) 下り葉 (根笹) San’ya (Futaiken) 鈴慕 (布袋軒) San’ya Sugagaki 三谷菅垣; Shika no Tône (Kinko Ryû) 鹿の遠音; Shirabe (Nezasa Ha) 調 (根笹) Shizu 志図 This was called the Fuke Shakuhachi. The more ‘imprecise’ analogue way of writing is actually much closer to the way the honkyoku naturally exist, enabling a more direct and precise oral transmission of the music. Seien Ryu has its own system (on which Taizan Ryu is based), as do Kimpu Ryu and Myoan Shimpo Ryu. Kinko Ryu lineage chart: The following chart shows the Grandmasters in red, and the wider community of Kinko Ryu teachers in black (those who studied directly with the Grandmasters) and blue (those who are two or more steps removed from the Grandmasters). CD Hankyō (download) • Araki Kodō VI $ 15.00 Add to cart. In 1918, after becoming independent, Chikuou altered his name to “Chikuho,” and Chikuho Ryu was founded The unique musical notation, conceived by the first head Chikuho, is one of the most prominent characteristics of Chikuho ryu, which combines the traditional “Fu-Ho-U-E” style of the Kansai area, and the “Ro-Tsu-Re-Chi” style of the Kanto area. On the left you can see samples from the four main forms of notation Justin uses and teaches with. Of the many "schools" ("ryu") of musicians who claim proprietorship or proprietary control of versions of these melodies, the Kinko-ryu has the strongest claim to historicity. For example, the ‘taco ashi’ (literally ‘octopus legs’) in the old Seien Ryu scores do not have definite value, but are read through their varying length in an analogue fashion. Whereas in regular staff notation (the notation system used in Western music), two notes of the same pitch but different tone colour, or timbre, might be written with the same symbol (and thus not differentiated), in shakuhachi notation they will be given entirely different symbols. Pronounced this way it sounds like one word, but as it was originally a maebuki i.e. This volume 1 DVD includes performance and notation examples with exercises and pointers on tone production, the traditional notation system and basic kinko ornamentation. There are a variety of regional and historical notation styles for shakuhachi, all of which are in a simple form of Japanese alphabet. Firstly there is neither any notation nor any record of even the names of any pieces the ancient Nezasa Ha had in its repertoire. John Singer hat ebenfalls eine umfassende Shakuhachi site. Thus, → will denote towards, ↓ denotes down, ← means back and ↑ means up. Tokuyama has published many of the oldest known pieces of "original" shakuhachi music. HifumiHachigaeshi - Jin Nyodo Notation Hifumi Hachikaeshi on ISS. "The Shakuhachi and the Kinko Ryu Notation". A fingering chart is accompanied by extensive notes as well as a complete analysis of meter, duration, and modes of performance as they relate to shakuhachi music. Jon Kypros is a shakuhachi teacher, craftsman, and the creator of the Bell Shakuhachi.He focuses on the older style of jinashi shakuhachi. In April of 1988, at the age of 17, Hanzaburo Araki picked up the instrument of his father and grandfathers for the first time. Springer. Die Organisation ist nicht hierarchisch gegliedert . The technique of timbral listening is used by sound engineers to evaluate timbre difference. Kinko Ryu developed precise notation at the beginning of the 20th century with dots on the left and right representing the rhythm of the shamisen and koto music which they were accompanying. This may sound abstract, but in fact is not at all. Once ingested, one understands where to play long, where to play short, and the individual nuance of each phrase, which includes also the possibilities and limitations of how flexible one can be with that timing. Gunnar Jinmei Linder has achieved exactly this with Notes on Kinko-ryu Shakuhachi Honkyoku, guiding the reader through a selected number of Kinko-ryu shakuhachi honkyoku. Asian Music. This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. In addition to the eleven honkyoku from the Seien-ryu, which constituted the main repertory, he also arranged and compiled twenty-one other honkyoku pieces that were preserved in the different temples of the Fuke-shu after the Dajokan Fukoku decree in 1871. First, the BASIC NOTES section offers beginners a simple, clear guide to the common non-meri notes without any extraneous information. The Tozan-ryu was founded in Osaka during the Meiji Period and developed notes and modern exam systems that are unique all to its own. Solo Kinko school honkyoku ("original pieces") generally do not feature an explicit beat. He performs traditional and contemporary music throughout North America, Asia, and Europe, and has recorded for CBS Masterworks, Lyrichord, Music … The Shakuhachi and the Kinko Ryu Notation : Donald Paul Berger: Asian Music 1, no. CD Hankyō (disc) • Araki Kodō VI $ 20.00 Add to cart. He was trained in the classical tradition of the Kinko School of shakuhachi by the late Living National Treasure Goro Yamaguchi as well as by Shudo Yamato and Kodo Araki V, both in Japan and in the graduate world music program at Wesleyan University. Shakuhachi Blog of Shawn Dokan Edwards . Available in 2-volume only. doi:10.2307/833910. Chi customarily repeats with hole 4. interest for a wider public. Kinko Ryu shakuhachi notation. Shakuhachi traditionally has its own notation system, written in Japanese from top to bottom, left to right. Contemporary shakuhachi schools generally use only one notation system to notate all of their honkyoku, even if the pieces in their repertoire are collected from various other schools. JSTOR 833910. In the 18th century, a komusō named Kinko Kurosawa of the Fuke sect of Zen Buddhism was commissioned to travel Japan and collect these musical pieces. Kinko-ryu honkyoku. Through learning the music from ones teacher, one ingests the very meaning of the music – and this meaning is the music itself. Kumoi Jishi (Cloud-lion) belongs to the category of Honkyoku, but it is lighter in feeling than the usual Honkyoku. This notation is quite different from the notation of other regions, known as ‘ro tsu re’ (ロツレ) notation, which is now used by almost all other schools, especially Kinko Ryu, Seien Ryu and newer schools such as Tozan Ryu. Flare Up is a challenging solo shakuhachi piece that uses double-tonguing, singing while playing and some extremely high notes. The timing must therefore be internalized. With Myoan Shimpo Ryu in particular, Justin has been asked specifically by his teacher to refrain from translating the music to a more common notation style and to teach only using the ancient ‘fu ho u’ notation system of Kyoto Myoanji. © 1969 University of Texas Press … Nowadays the most popular shakuhachi school, and therefore notation, is that of Tozan Ryu. Shakuhachi musical notation refers to the systems of transcribing playing instructions for shakuhachi music. history, culture, arts, and natural history of the state and region. Berger, Donald Paul (Autumn 1969). The Kinko Ryu lineage is the most well documented of the Fuke-shu honkyoku lineages, as well as being the largest school of shakuhachi honkyoku in Japan. Hello Bronwyn, I’m joining too, I’d like to have Tsuki sheet music – it doesn’t matter if it’s in Kinko-ryu or 5-Line Staff notation. Notation. These were later changed and codified by his students to become the 36 official "Kinko honkyoku." Muiki ~ Empty Breath. These timbral variations are indicated in Shakuhachi musical notation. 3. Once widespread, this music is now extremely rare. This cannot be read directly from the notation, but reading the notation works together with study from ones teacher, so that having studied the piece, the notation becomes clear. Secondly, there is no document to show the name or mention of any honkyoku outside of the Kinko Ryu repertoire which Kesshu Kanga or Kurihara Kimpu may have taught or played, nor even that they did teach or play any. Notation will be provided. 1 (2): 32–72. They are sometimes described as having ‘free rhythm’. It has been taught in its traditional notation system from generation to generation up to today, when it continues to be transmitted by only two teachers, Justin and his teacher Otsubo Shido. The interesting point in this is that if this music is written in a notation system which does define rhythm precisely, much is actually lost! He has traveled throughout Japan researching and transcribing honkyoku, some of which are rare and known only to a few surviving players. In addition to publishing the results of original research for scholars and students, UT Press publishes books of more general The honkyoku are generally not rhythmical. The "San Koten Honkyoku" are three ("san") traditional ("hon") compositions ("kyoku") which are distinguished and venerated for their archetypical ("koten") characteristics. All Rights Reserved. The Shakuhachi and the Kinko Ryu Notation : Donald Paul Berger: Asian Music 1, no. In the more modern notation styles, rhythm is written precisely, and so is comparable with staff notation. Higuchi Taizan applied a new notation system with ro, tsu, re, chi, ha, I to them, instead of using the traditional fu, ho, u, e, ya. Doumbek Notation Here is a collection of shakuhachi notation, ranging from honkyoku, sankyoku and even some modern. Tozan-ryu incorporates many aspects of Western music training. Kinko-ryu Honkyoku 琴古流本曲 Sagari-Ha no Kyoku下り葉の曲 Falling Leaves Played on a 1.9 Shakuhachi (ca. Application. Für Beispiele als Bilder klicken Sie auf die Notationssymbole dieser Seite. Die Notation der shakuhachi-Musik erfolgt traditionell nicht wie in der westlichen Musik, sondern es existieren verschiedene, den unterschiedlichen Schulen entstammende Schreibweisen, in denen die Tonlage durch bestimmte japanische Silbenzeichen (Kana, Katakana), die Tonlängen, Oktavlagen und Artikulationen, wenn überhaupt, durch bestimmte Linienformen und -längen zwischen den Zeichen … Order hankyō . On some flutes, especially antiques, it may be possible and even desirable to play chi dai kari (A#) simply by fingering a regular chi and lifting the head up from neutral kari position. Asian Music This can help to preserve nuance, and helps to connect us to the heritage and history of each individual school. Asian Music. In Kinko-ryu the name of this piece is read as Banshiki-cho (emphasis on cho); Jin Nyodo also passed on this pronunciation. an introductory piece (according to the book Kokin Techo), it could also be explained as meaning Banshiki-no-shirabe. A set of notation written by Taizan himself and his student Ikeda. The shakuhachi in Japan dates back to approximately 700 AD, though similar predecessor bamboo flutes from China and Korea can be dated to ancient times.. Based on the material used for his beginners students, it comes with handwritten scores (kinko+staff notation) and … Nyokai-An Dojo Shakuhachi fingering chart (Kinko notation) This document is intended to satisfy two basic needs. This was first published in the scores of the Grandmaster Araki Kodo III and is now used is all Kinko Ryu scores. Since Justin learned Kimpu Ryu, Kinko Ryu, Myoan Shimpo Ryu, Seien Ryu and Taizan Ryu each in their own unique notation systems, he gives the option for students to learn each style in their native systems. 2: 1969: 15, 32-57: The Shakuhachi Honkyoku as a Mahayana Buddhist Esoteric Practice : Bruce Huebner: Master of Arts, University of California, Santa Barbara: 1989: The Shakuhachi of Jin Nyodo: A Collection of Classical Honkyoku. Request Permissions. Kinko-ryû . Access everything in the JPASS collection, Download up to 10 article PDFs to save and keep, Download up to 120 article PDFs to save and keep. By defining the pitch precisely in the notation, an entire dimension is stripped away. 2: … Founded in 1950, the University of Texas Press publishes over 90 books per year and 11 journals in a wide range of fields. SIXTH GENERATION KINKO-RYU SHAKUHACHI MASTER. See this page for information on shakuhachi keys, tuning, temperament and scales. Aoki Reibo II of the Kinko-ryu, designated as “Holder of Important Intangible Cultural Properties” in 1999 : Yamamoto Hozan of the Tozan-ryu, designated as “Holder of Important Intangible Cultural Properties” in 2002 . I am honoured to present you the first kinko chikumeisha beginners manual that I publish for my teacher Gunnar Jinmei Linder. Detailed instruction is also provided for learning how to read traditional Kinko Ryu notation. For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions Beginner’s guide for kinko-ryu shakuhachi. This chart is a simplification showing only the more well known teachers. Kinko-ryu notation. It is surprisingly easy to learn to read, and benefits from being designed specifically for shakuhachi (in Japan each instrument has its own unique notation system) so that it is extremely efficient and expressive. This one just came in for evaluation. In the middle of the Meiji Period, Uehara Rokushiro brought forth an idea for shakuhachi notation which was further elaborated upon by Kawase Junsuke who made The Kinko Ryi further indicated raising or lowering the pitch in the meri-kari system to be explained. Traditional music in Japan relies mainly on oral transmission. Uma lista das grandes obras de shakuhachi, divididas entre seus pilares Crafting them to a high-level is inherently more challenging than any other type of shakuhachi so the finest examples are rare and often costly. Yamaguchi Goro's set of the Kinko-ryu repertoire Yodo Kurahashi's notation of a number of Kinko pieces Myoan Taizan-ha Complete set of modern Taizan-ha scores from Myoanji Also two other sets of notation that contain the Taizan-ha notation, Nishimura and another. This notation is beautiful and surprisingly easy to learn. In addition to the letter notation, an Unicode arrow notation will be used. One common danger from this is that the music can become rhythmical in the sense of having a defined beat, and be generally reduced in musicality. There also exist some notation styles rarely seen nowadays. In the older schools for which honkyoku was the main, or sometimes only repertoire, the expression of rhythm may appear ‘imprecise’. Kinko-ryu honkyoku were developed by Kurosawa Kinko, who collected individual honkyoku from many parts of Japan and then adapted them to his own style of playing. The Kinko-ryu goes back approximately 200 years to the middle of the Edo Period and carries on the shakuhachi music that is unique to its respective regions. Kinko-ryu Yamaguchi Goro's set of the Kinko-ryu repertoire Yodo Kurahashi's notation of a number of Kinko pieces Myoan Taizan-ha Complete set of modern Taizan-ha scores from Myoanji Also two other sets of notation that contain the Taizan-ha notation, Nishimura and another. (In Kinko Ryu Notation) Takashi Tokuyama is the founder of the Tokuyama Honkyoku Kai in Tokyo. Downloads and discs available now. These shakuhachi retain all or most of their natural, bamboo inner bore. "Fu Ho U vs. Do Re Mi: The Technology of Notation Systems and Implications of Change in the Shakuhachi Tradition of Japan". Tozan-ryu honkyoku were written by Nakao Tozan himself. Bezeichnet sich selbst nicht als Ryu. Lee, Riley Kelly (Spring–Summer 1988). with the use of ru in Kinko notation to mean “hit the first hole.” 2. gegründet von Kurosawa Kinko (1710-1770) in Tokyo. And it it this analogue quality which is in fact so important. You may then ask whether it existed only in the Ikkan-ryu branch, since Kodo II studied not only under Hisamatsu Fuyo (the 4th head of Kinko-ryu) but also under Toyoda Kodo of Ikkan-ryu, unifying these two branches as the 6th head of Kinko-ryu.
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